Summary

Carbohydrate-binding module 48 (Isoamylase N-terminal domain)

This domain is found in a range of enzymes that act on branched substrates - isoamylase, pullulanase and branching enzyme. This family also contains the beta subunit of 5' AMP activated kinase.

Literature references

Katsuya Y, Mezaki Y, Kubota M, Matsuura Y; , J Mol Biol 1998;281:885-897.: Three-dimensional structure of Pseudomonas isoamylase at 2.2 A resolution. PUBMED:9719642
Wiatrowski HA, Van Denderen BJ, Berkey CD, Kemp BE, Stapleton D, Carlson M; , Mol Cell Biol 2004;24:352-361.: Mutations in the gal83 glycogen-binding domain activate the snf1/gal83 kinase pathway by a glycogen-independent mechanism. PUBMED:14673168
Polekhina G, Gupta A, Michell BJ, van Denderen B, Murthy S, Feil SC, Jennings IG, Campbell DJ, Witters LA, Parker MW, Kemp BE, Stapleton D; , Curr Biol 2003;13:867-871.: AMPK beta subunit targets metabolic stress sensing to glycogen. PUBMED:12747837
Hudson ER, Pan DA, James J, Lucocq JM, Hawley SA, Green KA, Baba O, Terashima T, Hardie DG; , Curr Biol 2003;13:861-866.: A novel domain in AMP-activated protein kinase causes glycogen storage bodies similar to those seen in hereditary cardiac arrhythmias. PUBMED:12747836

InterPro entry IPR004193

O-Glycosyl hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycosyl hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of 85 different families PUBMED:7624375, PUBMED:8535779, PUBMED:. This classification is available on the CAZy (CArbohydrate-Active EnZymes) web site PUBMED:. Because the fold of proteins is better conserved than their sequences, some of the families can be grouped in clans.

Enzymes containing this domain belong to family 13 () of the glycosyl hydrolases. This domain is found in a range of enzymes that act on branched substrates ie. isoamylase, pullulanase and branching enzyme. Isoamylase hydrolyses 1,6-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin and dextrin; 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme functions in the formation of 1,6-glucosidic linkages of glycogen; and pullulanase is a starch-debranching enzyme.

Clan

This family is a member of clan GHD (CL0369), which contains the following 7 members:

Alpha-amylase_C CBM_20 CBM_48 Cyc-maltodext_C DUF1939 DUF1966 Glyco_hydro_42C

Gene Ontology

Molecular function	hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds (GO:0004553)
Biological process	carbohydrate metabolic process (GO:0005975)

Internal database links

SCOOP:

Meleagrin

External database links

CAZY:	CBM_48
PANDIT:	PF02922
SCOP:	1bf2
SYSTERS:	CBM_48

Domain organisation

Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...

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Alignments

There are various ways to view or download the sequence alignments that we store. You can use a sequence viewer to look at either the seed or full alignment for the family, or you can look at a plain text version of the sequence in a variety of different formats. More...

View options

Alignment:	Seed (59) Full (3185) NCBI (3256) Metagenomics (707)
Viewer:

Formatting options

Alignment:	Seed (59) Full (3185)
Format:
Order:	Tree Alphabetical
Sequence:	Inserts lower case All upper case
Gaps:
Download/view:	Download View

Download options

Very large alignments can often cause problems for the formatting tool above. If you find that downloading or viewing a large alignment is problematic, you can also download a gzip-compressed, Stockholm-format file containing the seed or full alignment for this family.

You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.

The main seed and full alignments are generated using sequences from the UniProt sequence database. However, we also generate alignments using sequences from the NCBI sequence database and the "metaseq" metagenomics dataset.

You can view alignments from these two additional datasets using the form above, or you can download alignments of NCBI or metagenomics sequences, as gzip-compressed files.

Pfam alignments:	Seed (59) Full (3185) NCBI (3256) Metagenomics (707)
Full length sequences	Full-sequences (3185)

External links

MyHits provides a collection of tools to handle multiple sequence alignments. For example, one can refine a seed alignment (sequence addition or removal, re-alignment or manual edition) and then search databases for remote homologs using HMMER2.

HMM logo

HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...

Trees

This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed or full alignments.

Note: You can also download the data files for the seed, full, NCBI or metagenomics trees.

Curation and family details

This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.

Curation

Seed source:

Structural domain

Previous IDs:

isoamylase_N; Isoamylase_N;

Type:

Domain

Author:

Griffiths-Jones SR

Number in seed:

59

Number in full:

3185

Average length of the domain:

85.70 aa

Average identity of full alignment:

26 %

Average coverage of the sequence by the domain:

11.84 %

HMM information

HMM build commands:

build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED

search method: hmmsearch -Z 9421015 -E 1000 HMM pfamseq

Model details:

Parameter	Sequence	Domain
Gathering cut-off	20.7	20.7
Trusted cut-off	20.7	20.7
Noise cut-off	20.6	20.6

Model length:

84

Family (HMM) version:

11

Download:

download the raw HMM for this family

Species distribution

Tree controls

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The tree shows the occurrence of this domain across different species. More...

Species trees

We show the species tree in one of two ways. For smaller trees we try to show an interactive representation, which allows you to select specific nodes in the tree and view them as an alignment or as a set of Pfam domain graphics.

Unfortunately we have found that there are problems viewing the interactive tree when the it becomes larger than a certain limit. Furthermore, we have found that Internet Explorer can become unresponsive when viewing some trees, regardless of their size. We therefore show a text representation of the species tree when the size is above a certain limit or if you are using Internet Explorer to view the site.

If you are using IE you can still load the interactive tree by clicking the "Generate interactive tree" button, but please be aware of the potential problems that the interactive species tree can cause.

Interactive tree

For all of the domain matches in a full alignment, we count the number that are found on all sequences in the alignment. This total is shown in the purple box.

We also count the number of unique sequences on which each domain is found, which is shown in green. Note that a domain may appear multiple times on the same sequence, leading to the difference between these two numbers.

Finally, we group sequences from the same organism according to the NCBI code that is assigned by UniProt, allowing us to count the number of distinct sequences on which the domain is found. This value is shown in the pink boxes.

We use the NCBI species tree to group organisms according to their taxonomy and this forms the structure of the displayed tree. Note that in some cases the trees are too large (have too many nodes) to allow us to build an interactive tree, but in most cases you can still view the tree in a plain text, non-interactive representation. Those species which are represented in the seed alignment for this domain are highlighted.

You can use the tree controls to manipulate how the interactive tree is displayed:

show/hide the summary boxes
highlight species that are represented in the seed alignment
expand/collapse the tree or expand it to a given depth
select a sub-tree or a set of species within the tree and view them graphically or as an alignment
save a plain text representation of the tree

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Interactions

There is 1 interaction for this family. More...

Alpha-amylase

Structures

For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the CBM_48 domain has been found.

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Family: CBM_48 (PF02922)

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