Summary: Interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain, N-terminal
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Interleukin-4 receptor Edit Wikipedia article
| Interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain, N-terminal | |||||||||
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| interleukin-4 / receptor alpha chain complex | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | IL4Ra_N | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF09238 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR015319 | ||||||||
| SCOP | 1iar | ||||||||
| SUPERFAMILY | 1iar | ||||||||
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Interleukin 4 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. IL4R is its human gene.
Contents |
[edit] Function
This gene encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor, a type I transmembrane protein that can bind interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 to regulate IgE antibody production in B cells. Among T cells, the encoded protein also can bind interleukin 4 to promote differentiation of Th2 cells. A soluble form of the encoded protein can be produced by an alternate splice variant or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound protein, and this soluble form can inhibit IL4-mediated cell proliferation and IL5 upregulation by T-cells. Allelic variations in this gene have been associated with atopy, a condition that can manifest itself as allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, asthma, or eczema. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms, a membrane-bound and a soluble form, have been found for this gene.[1]
The binding of IL-4 or IL-13 to the IL-4 receptor on the surface of macrophages results in the alternative activation of those macrophages. Alternatively activated macrophages (AAMΦ) downregulate inflammatory mediators such as IFNγ during immune responses, particularly with regards to helminth infections.[2]
[edit] Interactions
Interleukin-4 receptor has been shown to interact with SHC1.[3][4]
[edit] Structure
The N-terminal (extracellular) portion of interleukin-4 is related in overall topology to fibronectin type III modules and folds into a sandwich comprising seven antiparallel beta sheets arranged in a three-strand and a four-strand beta-pleated sheet. They are required for binding of interleukin-4 to the receptor alpha chain, which is a crucial event for the generation of a Th2-dominated early immune response.[5]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "Entrez Gene: IL4R interleukin 4 receptor". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3566.
- ^ Tundup S, Srivastava L, Harn DA (April 2012). "Polarization of host immune responses by helminth-expressed glycans". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1253: E1–E13. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06618.x. PMID 22974465.
- ^ Ikizawa K, Yanagihara Y (February 2000). "Possible involvement of Shc in IL-4-induced germline epsilon transcription in a human B cell line". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 268 (1): 54–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2080. PMID 10652211.
- ^ Kashiwada M, Giallourakis CC, Pan PY, Rothman PB (December 2001). "Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif of the IL-4 receptor associates with SH2-containing phosphatases and regulates IL-4-induced proliferation". J. Immunol. 167 (11): 6382–7. PMID 11714803.
- ^ Hage T, Sebald W, Reinemer P (April 1999). "Crystal structure of the interleukin-4/receptor alpha chain complex reveals a mosaic binding interface". Cell 97 (2): 271–81. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80736-9. PMID 10219247.
[edit] Further reading
- Nelms K, Keegan AD, Zamorano J, et al. (1999). "The IL-4 receptor: signaling mechanisms and biologic functions.". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 17 (1): 701–38. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.701. PMID 10358772.
- Jiang H, Harris MB, Rothman P (2000). "IL-4/IL-13 signaling beyond JAK/STAT.". J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 105 (6 Pt 1): 1063–70. doi:10.1067/mai.2000.107604. PMID 10856136.
[edit] External links
- CD124 Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR015319
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This tab holds the annotation information that is stored in the Pfam database. As we move to using Wikipedia as our main source of annotation, the contents of this tab will be gradually replaced by the Wikipedia tab.
Interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain, N-terminal Provide feedback
Members of this family are related in overall topology to fibronectin type III modules and fold into a sandwich comprising seven antiparallel beta sheets arranged in a three-strand and a four-strand beta-pleated sheet. They are required for binding of interleukin-4 to the receptor alpha chain, which is a crucial event for the generation of a Th2-dominated early immune response [1].
Literature references
-
Hage T, Sebald W, Reinemer P; , Cell. 1999;97:271-281.: Crystal structure of the interleukin-4/receptor alpha chain complex reveals a mosaic binding interface. PUBMED:10219247 EPMC:10219247
External database links
| PANDIT: | PF09238 |
| Pseudofam: | PF09238 |
| SCOP: | 1iar |
| SYSTERS: | IL4Ra_N |
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR015319
Members of this family are related in overall topology to fibronectin type III modules and fold into a sandwich comprising seven antiparallel beta sheets arranged in a three-strand and a four-strand beta-pleated sheet. They are required for binding of interleukin-4 to the receptor alpha chain, which is a crucial event for the generation of a Th2-dominated early immune response [PUBMED:10219247].
Gene Ontology
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
| Cellular component | integral to membrane (GO:0016021) |
| Molecular function | cytokine receptor activity (GO:0004896) |
| Biological process | production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response (GO:0002532) |
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Alignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets, the NCBI sequence database, and our metagenomics sequence database. More...
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We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.
| Seed (7) |
Full (71) |
Representative proteomes | NCBI (64) |
Meta (0) |
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| RP15 (1) |
RP35 (6) |
RP55 (10) |
RP75 (27) |
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| PP/heatmap | 1 | |||||||
| Pfam viewer | ||||||||
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
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We make all of our alignments available in Stockholm format. You can download them here as raw, plain text files or as gzip-compressed files.
| Seed (7) |
Full (71) |
Representative proteomes | NCBI (64) |
Meta (0) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RP15 (1) |
RP35 (6) |
RP55 (10) |
RP75 (27) |
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| Raw Stockholm | ||||||||
| Gzipped | ||||||||
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
External links
MyHits provides a collection of tools to handle multiple sequence alignments. For example, one can refine a seed alignment (sequence addition or removal, re-alignment or manual edition) and then search databases for remote homologs using HMMER3.
HMM logo
HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...
Trees
This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.
Curation and family details
This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.
Curation
| Seed source: | pdb_1iar |
| Previous IDs: | none |
| Type: | Domain |
| Author: | Sammut SJ |
| Number in seed: | 7 |
| Number in full: | 71 |
| Average length of the domain: | 90.20 aa |
| Average identity of full alignment: | 45 % |
| Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 18.27 % |
HMM information
| HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 23193494 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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| Model details: |
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| Model length: | 95 | ||||||||||||
| Family (HMM) version: | 5 | ||||||||||||
| Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the IL4Ra_N domain has been found. There are 4 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein seqence.
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Archea
Eukaryota
Bacteria
Other sequences
Viruses
Unclassified
Viroids
Unclassified sequence